Summaries

"If Only We All Spoke Two Languages"

Perhaps an exceptional argument which attempts to defy the cultural gap of modern society lies in "If Only We All Spoke Two Languages" by Ariel Dorfman. As implied by the title, Dorfman criticizes the world's seemingly monocentric customs, specifically the language divide. The purpose is explained in the story of Dorfman's life, which was torn between the English and Spanish language. She applies an undeniably emotional appeal to indicate her opinions on this particular matter saying, "...this thrilling experience of being dual, of taking from one liguistic river and then dipping into the other, until the confluence of the two vocabularies connects distant communities. This is an experience I wish all Americans could share." Dorfman also explains the importance of bilingualism in understanding differing cultures.


"Mother Tongue"

In "Mother Tongue" by Amy Tan, a specific language experience is examined. The issue is a decidedly individual experience between Tan and her mother's communication in the English language. Tan argues that while many would think of this verbal exchange as "broken", it perfectly exemplifies to her the ideas of her mother with undisputed clarity. However, she explains that this particular communication is not observed in a similar fashion by other, more "fluent" citizens. Tan gives a real example of a talk she had with her mother in the text, which provides an idea of this relationship of thoughts between the two women. Most would have great difficulty in understanding this conversation, but to Tan it's as comprehendable as her own thoughts. Tan also raises questions about the influence this communication has on her intellectual ability as a younger women trying to score on english exams.


"Suite for Ebony and Phonics"

In "Suite for Ebony and Phonics" by John Rickford, the question of ebonics as a primary language of centrally African Americans is addressed. Rickford argues that Ebonics does follow the standards of a language with precise rules and usages. This amazingly intuitive response details these specific rules and explains their function in completing this sub-english language. He acknowledges the general public's disapproval of this language and describes how it came to be. The idea of a ebonics being a pidgin language is also discussed.


"Defining Who We Are in Society"

In "Defining Who We Are in Society" by David Trout, the problem surrounding how society views ebonics is addressed. Trout assesses the probelms with ebonics as well as the positives. He is trying to explain that one should step outside of his or her close-minded opinions and see ebonics for what it truly is.


"Can We Talk?"

In "Can We Talk?" by Deborah Tannen, the inticate nature of the relationship between a mother and daughter is detailed. Tannen explains why these difficulties exist within this type of communication. She realizes that the inherent bond and attachment in this type of coexistance often times creates an easily heated relationship. Tannen uses specific examples from daughters to describe her meaning.